Similar to AAHs, genes associated with DNA repair and chromatin remodelling network, ATM20, MSH6 (ref. 20), ARID1A/ARID1B24, PBRM1 (ref. 28), ASXL1 (ref. 21), ATRX22, BRCA2 (ref. 29) and CREBBP30, were mutated in most AIS and MIA tumours (Tables 2 and 3; Supplementary Table 12). The gene discussed is ASXL1; the disease is neoplasm.