The positive staining rates for these differentiation-related proteins in tumor and normal tissues were, respectively, the following (Table 1): TGF-beta, 105/223 (47.1 %) and 54/87 (62.1 %) (P < 0.05); E-cadherin, 95/223 (42.6 %) and 66/95 (69.5 %) (P < 0.001); and PGC, 86/223 (38.6 %) and 72/100 (72 %) (P < 0.001). This evidence concerns the gene CDH1 and neoplasm.