VEGFC and inflammatory bowel disease: While the VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signalling pathway has been associated with mammalian IBD-associated lymphangiogenesis (D'Alessio et al., 2014; Jurisic et al., 2013), the significance of other VEGFR signalling pathways implicated in inflammatory lymphangiogenesis, such as VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 (Cursiefen et al., 2004; Halin et al., 2007; Kataru et al., 2009; Kunstfeld et al., 2004; Tan et al., 2013) and VEGF-D/VEGFR-3 (Baluk et al., 2005; Huggenberger et al., 2010; Kataru et al., 2009; Tan et al., 2013) is still undetermined.