The MC4R locus was associated with both T2D (rs12970134, odds ratio (OR) = 1.08, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.12, European p = 0.0002, trans-ethnic p = 2.6 × 10−8) [50••] and BMI (beta = 0.05, 95 % CI = 0.043–0.057, p = 4.7 × 10−47) [58••] (Fig. 2). This evidence concerns the gene MC4R and type 2 diabetes mellitus.