Since the relative contribution of immune modulatory/checkpoint gene expression in tumour cells themselves relative to the wider microenvironment cannot be determined from these analyses, we conclude that, in addition to CD274 and PDCD1LG2, a wider complement of immune modulators provides a potentially high degree of redundancy in adaptive immune resistance in DLBCL. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1LG2 and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.