PPARG and colitis: Bassaganya-Riera and Hontecillas [81] reported that 1.33 % CLA delayed the onset of enteric damage and attenuated the clinical signs in a pig model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis compared to soybean oil, which is correlated with the induction of colonic proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and its responsive gene PPAR γ-coactivator-1α (PGC1α) and downregulation of TNF-α [81].