ERN1 and diabetes mellitus: Such a connection between ER stress and inflammasome pathways has been recently suggested through the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) which associates PERK and IRE1α with the NLRP3 inflammasome, thus activating β-cell death and contributing to diabetes.36, 37 We did not observe any variation of TXNIP protein expression in our experimental conditions suggesting that TXNIP does not seem to be a target of hepatic IRE1α and PERK, at least in our models (Supplementary Figure S8).