AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: AFP demonstrated high accuracy in discriminating HCC from healthy controls (AUC = 0.963; 95% CI, 0.93–0.99), CLD patients (AUC = 0.921; 95% CI, 0.884–0.95), and F3-F4 subjects (AUC = 0.888; 95% CI, 0.84–0.936).