[3, 6, 47] Furthermore, examples of genes enriched in the canine iUC samples resembling the basal subtype of breast cancer, and implicated to be critical in human iUC, are MMP9, EGFR, JUN and MYC. In another example, the epithelial mesenchymal transition markers implicated to play an important role in human iUC i.e., ZEB1, ZEB2, VIM, CDH1 and CLDN3, were also significantly enriched in canine iUC samples. The gene discussed is VIM; the disease is breast cancer.