WASL and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, N-WASP is expressed in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, and protein expression correlates with lymph node metastasis and pathological stage; however, mRNA expression is not significantly different between cancer and noncancerous tissue, and N-WASP protein expression is not a prognostic factor for survival in Kaplan-Meier analysis [42].