TAT and AIDS: Tat also promotes severe microbial infections in AIDS by promoting the expression of co-infecting opportunistic pathogens, including Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tubercolosis, protozoa of Trypanosomatidae family, and Candida albicans14.