Calprotectin, the heterodimeric complex of S100A8 and S100A9, shows increased expression at an early step in the neoplastic transformation during colorectal carcinogenesis [17] and it is associated with disease activity in patients with IBD [18] and other inflammatory conditions as rheumatoid arthritis [19] or systemic lupus erythematosus [20]. The gene discussed is S100A8; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.