However, new developments in dementia risk prediction include non-APOE genes and genetic risk scores[17, 18], testing of non-traditional dementia risk factors[25], incorporation of information on diet[4], physical function[4], physical activity/exercise and ethnicity[16] into risk modelling, and model development in specific subgroups of the population (e.g., individuals with diabetes[13] and those with low vs. high educational attainment[7]) and over different follow-up times. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is diabetes mellitus.