ART4 and infection: Our RNA-Seq analysis of P. parasitica CWDE transcriptomes in infected lupin roots has documented the predominant expression of pectinase genes during early infection, the strong expression of genes targeting cellulose and/or hemicelluloses, β-1,3-glucans and glycoproteins during middle and late infection and the dominance of cellulose-directed CBM1 transcripts during late infection (Fig 4).