Interestingly, Cav-1 secreted by PCa cells modulates angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo; in a subcutaneous cancer model where the expression of Cav-1 in LNCaP cells can be induced by tetracyclin, microvessel density, tumour volume, lung metastasis [23] and expression of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 [26] were significantly higher in Cav-1-expressing tumours compared with controls. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and posterior cortical atrophy.