BRAF and thyroid gland carcinoma: Thyroid cancer, recognized as highly vascular, also has multiple associated somatic mutations of proto-oncogenes v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF), V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (K-Ras), and rearranged during transfection (RET).