In further line with our findings in monocytes, pretreatment of PBECs from non-COPD individuals with CT99021 resulted in complete abrogation of the anti-inflammatory effect of budesonide on TNF-α-stimulated GM-CSF and CXCL8 release (Fig. 6, C and D). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL8 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.