ANXA5 and cancer: Flow data showed that the number of annexin V/PI double-positive cancer cells in the group that received photothermal therapy was twice as high as that of the other groups (Figure 3B; P = 0.0024, NIR + pSGNs vs. control; P = 0.007, NIR + pSGNs vs. NIR only; P = 0.0034, NIR + pSGNs vs. pSGNs only).