The overexpression of eIF5A2 in the ESCC cells (KYSE510 and KYSE410) led to increased chemoresistance to 5-FU, docetaxel and taxol; whereas shRNA-mediated silencing of eIF5A2 in the ESCC cells (KYSE180 and EC109) increased chemosensitivity towards these chemotherapeutic agents. The gene discussed is EIF5A2; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.