Between NGT and T2DM groups, the plasma levels of HMGB1 were significantly increased in T2DM than those in NGT (8.27 ± 1.14 vs 4.57 ± 0.31, P< 0.001), while between NW and OB groups, the plasma levelsof HMGB1 were significantly increased in OB than those in NW (6.93 ± 2.26 vs 5.80 ± 1.56, P< 0.001). The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.