ART4 and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive genetic disease characterized by the lack of the structural protein, dystrophin, which is the primary component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) that links the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix, thus providing stability to the sarcolemma during muscle contraction [1].