DDX53 and neoplasm: This observation stands in stark contrast to the well-established ability of Hyp-PDT to induce bona fide ICD, AVE and robust anti-tumour immunity [6, 12, 13, 24, 25] e.g. treatment of established CT26 tumours [9] in mice with Hyp-PDT was associated with 100% eradication of these tumours and not accompanied by relapse, such that even re-challenge of these mice with live CT26 cells prevented new tumour growth [9, 25].