Anti-tumor effects for CD40L-CD40 signaling have been shown in various types of CD40-positive tumors, with direct apoptotic cell killing accounting for much of the response.39, 40, 41, 42, 43 Indeed, recombinant CD40L treatment of CD40-positive HGSC xenografts in severe combined immunodeficient mice induced significant apoptosis and tumor destruction, and increased the efficacy of suboptimal doses of cisplatin.25 Here, CD40 is linked to neoplasm.