This has mainly resulted from the identification of molecular alterations in major signaling pathways, such as the RAS/RAF/MEK/MAPK/ERK (MAPK) and PI3K/Akt pathways, which play critical roles in cell transformation, survival and metastasis, and therefore become classical therapeutical targets for thyroid cancer [3, 5, 6]. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is thyroid gland carcinoma.