AKT1 and neoplasm: Several molecular and cell-signaling pathways have been implicated in regulating autophagy, such as the autophagy-related gene family [8], Beclin-1 [9], mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) [10], and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-AKT-mTOR) pathways [11] Several pieces of evidence have also suggested that autophagy triggers tumor cell death in response to various anti-tumor agents [12, 13].