Furthermore, ROS production was reduced and cellular over-expression of inflammation-associated proteins including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) decreased in the presence of the E. cava enzymatic digest [197] and dieckol [198] suggesting their anti-inflammatory and cellular protective properties against glucotoxicity of hyperglycaemia. This evidence concerns the gene PTGS2 and Hyperglycemia.