CXCL1 and gastrointestinal disease: RNA-Seq analysis showed significant downregulation of three chemokines in CXCL family: CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL3. These chemokines play an active role in development of gastrointestinal diseases marked by inflammatory response such as gastritis, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), ileitis, ulcerative colitis [47] and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) [48].