These included 4 genes hypo-methylated in tumor tissue (CLCNKA, BAIAP2L2, CCL20, and NQO1) and 16 genes hyper-methylated in tumor tissue (IFITM1, SMAD6, TBX15, CHST4, LRRC4, PHYHD1, STEAP4, TACSTD2, NPC1L1, THRSP, KCNJ10, PALM3, FAM134B, TMEM100, PM20D1, and GRHL2). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD6 and neoplasm.