For example, two studies identified KLHL35, PAX5, PENK, and SPDYA to be hyper-methylated in HCC of viral etiology [6, 9], while independent studies have also found IGFALS [8, 13] and MT1G [8, 13] to be repressed by hyper-methylation in HCC. The gene discussed is PENK; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.