Analysis of histological sections from resected human CCA liver revealed a significantly more extensive immunoreactivity of LIF (p < 0.001) and LIFR (p < 0.001) (Table 1) on bile ducts in tumoral areas (Figure 1A, 1C) compared with matched, peritumoral tissue (Figure 1B, 1D). Here, LIFR is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.