SEMA3E and systemic sclerosis: Sema3E serum levels were significantly increased both in pRP subjects (median 0.54 ng/ml, range 0.00−1.96 ng/ml) and SSc patients (median 0.67 ng/ml, range 0.00−1.71 ng/ml) compared to controls (median 0.19 ng/ml, range 0.00−0.94 ng/ml) (both p <0.005) (Fig. 2a).