TGF-β1 signaling has been reported to promote metastasis and the invasive potential of cancer cells through various miRNAs, for example, through modulating the biosynthesis of oncogenic miRNAs such as miR-21,29 miR-155,30 and miR-181b.31 In the present study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of TGF-β1-regulated miRNA expression in RMS, with a focus on miRNAs suppressed by TGF-β1, which may have potential for miRNA re-expression therapy. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.