ADIPOQ SNPs genotype frequencies and LD patterns vary widely among ethnic groups and may explain in part the differences in obesity prevalence between non-Hispanic White and African Americans in the U.S. However, SNPs in the ADIPOQ gene, have been almost exclusively examined in relation to these variables in European-derived or Asian populations and the few studies conducted in African Americans were small [36] or did not control for population structure using Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMS) as an accurate measure of population stratification. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.