Furthermore, D-PLA revealed an interaction between phospho-Smad3–Ser208 and Foxo3a in Foxo3a+/+ LT-CML stem cells that did not occur in Foxo3a−/− LT-CML stem cells (Fig. 4h,i). Here, SMAD3 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.