VEGFA and macular retinal edema: Recently, various anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies including ranibizumab [4] (Lucentis®; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA), aflibercept [5] (Eylea®; Regeneron, Tarrytown, PA, USA and Bayer HealthCare, Berlin, Germany), and bevacizumab [6] (Avastin®; Genentech) are widely used for the treatment of macular edema in RVO.