At the same time, when the cancer cells were pre-incubated with specific Smad 2/3 (SB431542) and Snail1 (GN-25) inhibitors, their further exposure to CM derived from senescent HPMCs failed to reverse their morphology into being spindle-shaped (Fig. 2D), to decrease the concentration of E-cadherin, to increase the concentration of vimentin (Fig. 2E), and to improve their migratory capabilities (Fig. 2F). This evidence concerns the gene VIM and cancer.