A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis of polymorphisms in the cAMP pathway with DNA from individuals with NF1 with and without optic pathway gliomas revealed that polymorphisms in ADCY8 (AC8) increase glioma risk in female patients with NF1, but are protective against glioma in male patients (Warrington et al., 2015). Here, NF1 is linked to glioma.