DDIT3 and myeloid sarcoma: Using biopsy specimens and post-mortem samples, immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated increased expression of the UPR markers CHOP and BiP in oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, T cells and macrophages/microglia in MS lesions (Mháille et al., 2008; Cunnea et al., 2011; McMahon et al., 2012; Ní Fhlathartaigh et al., 2013).