IL18 and acute kidney injury: According to Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of kidney function, and End-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) criteria, urinary IL-18 levels of AKI patients increased significantly 24–48 h prior to the occurrence of AKI, and urinary IL-18 levels were associated with the severity of AKI, thus suggesting that IL-18 is an important indicator for the prediction of AKI and subsequent mortality [25].