FOXM1 and breast carcinoma: For ex vivo melanoma metastasis culture, a stage IV metastatic melanoma was sectioned in 300 μM thin slices, which were individually placed in culture media (Figure 7a), similar to what we previously showed for mammary carcinoma.25 The slices were subdivided for either vehicle treatment or incubation with the Pin1-FOXM1-blocking peptides.