Typical patterns of cytokines for CRSsNPs are T helper 1(Th1)-driven, whereas CRS with eosinophilic NPs is T helper 2(Th2)-biased and CRS with neutrophilic NPs expresses increased amounts of IFNγ and/or IL-17 or none of those. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is congenital rubella syndrome.