To further investigate the bioactivity of TMP in POAG, RT-PCR and western blot assays were employed to examine CXCR4 expression in TGF-β1-treated PHTM cells in the presence of TMP (100 μM), AMD3100 (10 μg/mL, a specific inhibitor of CXCR4) or PBS. Here, CXCR4 is linked to open-angle glaucoma.