Our group has previously identified a new form of micro-mitophagy in which glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) associates with damaged mitochondria under oxidative stress induced by ischemia–reperfusion injury in hearts and promotes direct uptake of damaged mitochondria into the lysosomal structure that is composed of hybrid organelles of lysosomes and late endosomes. The gene discussed is GAPDH; the disease is ischemia.