AKT1 and Parkinson disease: Neurotherapeutics research in recent times have probed a spectrum of protective biomolecules which can either activate the PI3K/AKT cascade, while others assist in limiting the activation of p38 MAPK in neurons; Table 1 provides a list of neuro- protective therapeutic modalities that sum on either the misfiring p38 MAPK and/or PI3K/AKT cascades in some form or the other, en route to providing a resilient neuroprotec-tive shield against the hastened degeneration of neurons in PD.