Amplicon sequencing has been used to assess the genetic diversity in P. falciparum clinical samples, for example, using 454 pyrosequencing (454 Life Sciences, Branford, CT) to amplify the circumsporozoite (CS) gene locus, researchers could successfully identify 57 unique parasite haplotypes in 100 patient samples.23 Another study involving comparison of 454 amplicon sequencing and Sanger sequencing data for the CS gene revealed that the former could detect more variation than the latter and resolved the genetic diversity in complex infections much more sensitively.24 The gene discussed is CS; the disease is infection.