Likewise, for a series of subjects with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), CTL that were generated by stimulation with the heteroclitic immunoglobulin (Ig) variable gene framework region (FR)-derived peptide (QLPGKGLEWV) had enhanced cytotoxicity against APC pulsed with the native peptide (FR-18; QAPGKGLEWV) and killed CLL cells, but not unpulsed, CD40-activated APC (13, 50, 51). The gene discussed is CD40; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.