Size and number of mitochondria are regulated by the dynamic processes of fusion and fission and recent studies reported significant changes in the expression of almost all mitochondrial fusion and fission related proteins in brains from AD patients, including dynamin-like protein 1 (DLP1), optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), and fission 1 (Fis1; Wang et al., 2009, 2012). This evidence concerns the gene DNM1L and Alzheimer disease.