TNF and sarcopenia: Although there is no single cause of sarcopenia, physical inactivity, inadequate nutrition and age-related reductions in circulating sex steroids, growth factors and vitamin D, and concomitant increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), have all been implicated [2, 4].