KRAS and carcinoma: Interestingly, Radkay and colleagues have also studied 204 FNA cases with RAS mutations (mostly indeterminate cytology) with corresponding surgical resection pathological specimens, similarly demonstrating that mutations in KRAS were associated with a significantly lower risk of carcinoma (41.7 %) compared to nodules with HRAS (95.5 %) and NRAS (86.8 %) mutations [29].