HP and Sepsis: The proteins included in AshTest and possibly associated with acute or chronic inflammation were not associated with sepsis at baseline, such as haptoglobin (mean (SD)), and alpha2-macroglobulin: 0.89 g/L (0.12) and 1.84 g/L (0.74) among the 23 patients with sepsis vs 0.73 (0.28) and 1.99 (0.70) in 100 patients without sepsis at baseline (P = 0.28 and P = 0.29) respectively.