PAK4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In hepatocellular carcinoma, miR-199a has been found to be down-regulated in nearly all cases investigated, and their tumor suppressive function is exerted partly by their anti-proliferative and anti-growth potential by regulating Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) and Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 (PAK4), as well as by modulating effects via the mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway [31,37,38,39].